The article discusses a key issue of the legislative, social and cultural policies of today’s complex societies: the dialectical question between social integration, multiculture and interculture that refers to the pedagogical relationship between self and otherness. In particular, this report must encourage and promote a debate which will make it possible to think and invest in an intercultural pedagogical project in which ideological cultural flexibility and the search for a state of peaceful coexistence and solidarity are principles shared by every people.